A couple of years ago, I got frustrated by the different types of measurement, so I compiled a list together to refer to whenever I start to bake. Most of the information here came from the ever-inspirational Cafe Fernando. I've added a few of my own, and would continue to update this list as I go along.
Some recipes like pies (or even cakes!) specify a pan size, which is important to adjust for when making batter, dough and filling. The formula I use for cakes is (Amount of Ingredient - gram or ml) / (Diameterspecified pan size)2 x (Diameteryour pan size)2.
Baking Unit Conversion
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| Information taken from: The Secrets of Baking by Sherry Yard |
Fahrenheit (degrees F) | Celsius (degrees C) | Gas Number | Oven Terms |
225 degrees F | 110 degrees C | 1/4 | Very Cool |
250 degrees F | 130 degrees C | 1/2 | Very Slow |
275 degrees F | 140 degrees C | 1 | Very Slow |
300 degrees F | 150 degrees C | 2 | Slow |
325 degrees F | 165 degrees C | 3 | Slow |
350 degrees F | 177 degrees C | 4 | Moderate |
375 degrees F | 190 degrees C | 5 | Moderate |
400 degrees F | 200 degrees C | 6 | Moderately Hot |
425 degrees F | 220 degrees C | 7 | Hot |
450 degrees F | 230 degrees C | 8 | Hot |
475 degrees F | 245 degrees C | 9 | Hot |
500 degrees F | 260 degrees C | 10 | Extremely Hot |
550 degrees F | 290 degrees C | 10 | Broiling |
Within Different Units of VOLUME
CUP, TABLESPOON and TEASPOON to MILILITERS (cup to ml)
1 cup = 16 tablespoons = 48 teaspoons = 240 ml
3/4 cup = 12 tablespoons = 36 teaspoons = 180 ml
2/3 cup = 11 tablespoons = 32 teaspoons = 160 ml
1/2 cup = 8 tablespoons = 24 teaspoons = 120 ml
1/3 cup = 5 tablespoons = 16 teaspoons = 80 ml
1/4 cup = 4 tablespoons = 12 teaspoons = 60 ml
1 teaspoon = 5 ml
1 tablespoon = 15 ml
CUP to FLUID OUNCES (cup to fl. oz)
1 cup = 8 fl oz | 1/2 cup = 4 fl oz | 1 tablespoon = 0.5 fl oz |
3/4 cup = 6 fl oz | 1/3 cup = 3 fl oz | 1 fl oz = 2 tablespoons = 6 teaspoons |
2/3 cup = 5 fl oz | 1/4 cup = 2 fl oz |
Within Different Units of WEIGHT
OUNCES to GRAMS
1 oz = 28 grams | 6 oz = 168 grams | 16 oz = 450 grams |
2 oz = 56 grams | 8 oz = 225 grams | 18 oz = 500 grams |
3.5 oz = 100 grams | 9 oz = 250 grams | 20 oz = 560 grams |
4 oz = 112 grams | 10 oz = 280 grams | 24 oz = 675 grams |
5 oz = 140 grams | 12 oz = 340 grams | 27 oz = 750 grams |
POUNDS to GRAMS (double weight in kg, and add 10%)
1/4 pound = 112 grams | 1.5 pound = 675 grams |
1/2 pound = 225 grams | 2 pound = 900 grams |
3/4 pound = 340 grams | 2.25 pound = 1 kilogram |
1 pound = 450 grams | 3 pound = 1.35 kilograms |
1.25 pound = 560 grams | 4.5 pound = 2 kilograms |
Conversion of VOLUME and WEIGHT
FLOUR (According to ‘dip and sweep’ method)
1 cup flour = 140 grams | 1/3 cup flour = 50 grams |
3/4 cup flour = 105 grams | 1/4 cup flour = 35 grams |
2/3 cup flour = 95 grams | 1 tablespoon flour = 10 grams |
1/2 cup flour = 70 grams |
BUTTER
1 cup butter = 2 sticks = 8 ounces = 230 grams
GRANULATED SUGAR
1 cup sugar = 200 grams | 1/3 cup sugar = 70 grams |
3/4 cup sugar = 150 grams | 1/4 cup sugar = 50 grams |
2/3 cup sugar = 135 grams | 1 tablespoon sugar = 15 grams |
1/2 cup sugar = 100 grams |
PACKED BROWN SUGAR
1 cup sugar = 220 grams | 1/3 cup sugar = 75 grams |
3/4 cup sugar = 165 grams | 1/4 cup sugar = 55 grams |
2/3 cup sugar = 145 grams | 1 tablespoon sugar = 15 grams |
1/2 cup sugar = 110 grams |
COCOA (According to ‘spoon and level’ method)
1 cup cocoa = 105 grams | 1/3 cup cocoa = 35 grams |
3/4 cup cocoa = 80 grams | 1/4 cup cocoa = 25 grams |
2/3 cup cocoa = 70 grams | 1 tablespoon cocoa = 7 grams |
1/2 cup cocoa = 55 grams |
CORNSTARCH (According to ‘spoon and level’ method)
1 cup cornstarch = 125 grams | 1/3 cup cornstarch = 40 grams |
3/4 cup cornstarch = 95 grams | 1/4 cup cornstarch = 30 grams |
2/3 cup cornstarch = 85 grams | 1 tablespoon cornstarch = 8 grams |
1/2 cup cornstarch = 65 grams |
POWDERED SUGAR (According to ‘spoon and level’ method)
1 cup powdered sugar = 160 grams | 1/3 cup powdered sugar = 55 grams |
3/4 cup powdered sugar = 120 grams | 1/4 cup powdered sugar = 40 grams |
2/3 cup powdered sugar = 105 grams | 1 tablespoon powdered sugar = 10 grams |
1/2 cup powdered sugar = 80 grams |
ALMOND/HAZELNUT/PISTACHIO – SLICED
1 cup almond (sliced) = 100 grams | 1/3 cup almond (sliced) = 35 grams |
3/4 cup almond (sliced) = 75 grams | 1/4 cup almond (sliced) = 25 grams |
2/3 cup almond (sliced) = 65 grams | 1 tablespoon almond (sliced) = 6 grams |
1/2 cup almond (sliced) = 50 grams |
ALMOND FLOUR & HAZELNUT FLOUR (BLANCHED)
1 cup almond (or hazelnut) flour = 100 grams
PISTACHIO FLOUR (BLANCHED)
1 cup pistachio flour = 90 grams
ROLLED OATS
1 cup | 85g | 3 oz |
1/2 cup | 43g | 1.5 oz |
1/3 cup | 28g | 1 oz |
1/4 cup | 21g | 0.75 oz |
YEAST SUBSTITUTION
100 grams fresh yeast = 40-50 grams active dry yeast = 33 grams instant yeast
BAKING POWDER
1 teaspoon baking powder = 4 grams
3/4 teaspoon baking powder = 3 grams
1/2 teaspoon baking powder = 2 grams
1/4 teaspoon baking powder = 1 gram
BAKING SODA and TABLE SALT
1 teaspoon baking soda (or salt) = 8 grams
3/4 teaspoon baking soda (or salt) = 5-6 grams
1/2 teaspoon baking soda (or salt) = 4 grams
1/4 teaspoon baking soda (or salt) = 2 grams
YOGURT
1 cup yogurt = 235 grams | 1/3 cup yogurt = 80 grams |
3/4 cup yogurt = 175 grams | 1/4 cup yogurt = 60 grams |
2/3 cup yogurt = 155 grams | 1 tablespoon yogurt = 15 grams |
1/2 cup yogurt = 120 grams |
MILK
1 cup milk = 245 grams | 1/3 cup milk = 80 grams |
3/4 cup milk = 185 grams | 1/4 cup milk = 60 grams |
2/3 cup milk = 165 grams | 1 tablespoon milk = 15 grams |
1/2 cup milk = 120 grams |
HEAVY CREAM
1 cup heavy cream = 235 grams | 1/3 cup heavy cream = 80 grams |
3/4 cup heavy cream = 175 grams | 1/4 cup heavy cream = 60 grams |
2/3 cup heavy cream = 155 grams | 1 tablespoon heavy cream = 15 grams |
1/2 cup heavy cream = 115 grams |
MOLASSES, HONEY AND SYRUP
1 cup honey = 320 grams
3/4 cup honey = 240 grams
2/3 cup honey = 213 grams
1/2 cup honey = 160 grams
1/3 cup honey = 107 grams
1/4 cup honey = 80 grams
1 tablespoon honey = 20 grams
3/4 cup honey = 240 grams
2/3 cup honey = 213 grams
1/2 cup honey = 160 grams
1/3 cup honey = 107 grams
1/4 cup honey = 80 grams
1 tablespoon honey = 20 grams
EGG
1 egg yolk = 20 grams
1 egg white = 30 grams
DESICCATED COCONUT
1 cup = 80g
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